// Problem Statement: This program will play the game of craps.  The user starts with $100 and 
// bets money, and the computer randomly selects numbers for the dice to see if they win or lose
// Author: Brian Brindle

#include <fstream.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

const int STARTBAL = 100;

void intro(void);           // called by main function, explains the game to the user
double getbet(double);      // called by main function, takes balance - returns the bet amount
int play(void);             // called by main function, returns win or lose game flag
int toss(void);             // called by play function, returns the value of the dice
int myrand(int,int);        // called by toss function, returns random number rolled by dice
void diepic(int);           // called by toss function, prints picture of dice 
void gamereport(int,double,double&);  // called by main function, displays results of each game
void endstats(int,int,double);        // called by main function, displays results of all games

//ofstream fout("C:/Comp141/craps.txt");

void main()
{
	double balance=0,
		   nextbet=1;

	int gameflag=0,
		numplays=0,
		numwins=0;

	srand(time(NULL));  // the random number generator function

	balance = STARTBAL;

	intro();   // this fuction will explain the rules to the user

	while ((balance != 0) && (nextbet != 0))
	{
		nextbet = getbet(balance);    // calls the function to get the value of the next bet

		if (nextbet == 0)
			break;

		gameflag = play();  // tells if the game was won or lost

		gamereport(gameflag,nextbet,balance);  // reports results to gamereport

		if (gameflag == 1)
			numwins++;

		numplays++;  
	}

	endstats(numplays,numwins,balance);  //displays final results of all games to the user
}

void intro(void)
{
	cout << "Welcome to Brian's game of craps!\n\n"
		 << "You will start with a balance of $100.\n"
		 << "You may bet up to your balance in each game.\n\n"
		 << "Two dice will be rolled, and if you get a 7 or 11 on the first roll you win!\n"
		 << "If you get a 2, 3, or 12 on the first roll you lose!\n"
		 << "If you get any other value for the first roll, it will be assigned as the point.\n"
		 << "Then you will continue to 'roll the dice' until you get either\n" 
		 << "your point (and win) or a 7 (and lose).\n\n"
		 << "Enter a 0 for your bet to end the game.\n\n";

	/*fout << "Welcome to Brian's game of craps!\n\n"
		 << "You will start with a balance of $100.\n"
		 << "You may bet up to your balance in each game.\n\n"
		 << "Two dice will be rolled, and if you get a 7 or 11 on the first roll you win!\n"
		 << "If you get a 2, 3, or 12 on the first roll you lose!\n"
		 << "If you get any other value for the first roll - it will be assigned as the point.\n"
		 << "Then you will continue to 'roll the dice' until you get either\n" 
		 << "your point (and win) or a 7 (and lose).\n\n"
		 << "Enter a 0 for your bet to end the game.\n\n\n";*/

	return;
}

double getbet(double bal)
{
	double amount = -1.;

	while ((amount < 0) || (amount > bal))
	{
		cout << "\nPlease enter the amount of your bet: ";
		cin  >> amount;
		cout << endl;

		//fout << "\nPlease enter the amount of your bet: ";
		//fout << amount;
		//fout << endl;

		if (amount == 0)
		{
			return 0.;
			break;
		}

		else if ((amount <= bal) && (amount > 0))
			break;

		else 
		{
			cout << "Invalid entry!\n";
			//fout << "Invalid entry!\n";
		}
	}
	
	return amount;  // returns bet to main funtion
}

int play(void)
{
	int flag=0,
		numdice=0,
		point=0;

	numdice = toss();  // calls toss function for dice value

	if ((numdice == 7) || (numdice == 11))
		flag = 1;

	else if ((numdice == 2) || (numdice == 3) || (numdice == 12))
		flag = -1;

	else
	{
		point = numdice;  // the value rolled is assigned as the point

		numdice = 0; 

		while ((numdice != 7) && (numdice != point))
		{
			numdice = toss();  // calls toss funtion for another dice value

			if (numdice == 7)
			{
				flag = -1;
				break;
			}

			else if (numdice == point)
			{
				flag = 1;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	return flag;  // returns if game is won or lost
}

int toss(void)
{
	int x=1,
		y=6,
		numrolled1=0,
		numrolled2=0,
		numrolled=0;

	numrolled1 = myrand(x,y);  // assigns random numbers to variables
	numrolled2 = myrand(x,y);

	diepic(numrolled1);

	cout << endl;
	//fout << endl;

	diepic(numrolled2);

	cout << endl << endl << endl << endl;
	//fout << endl << endl << endl << endl;

	numrolled = numrolled1 + numrolled2;

	return numrolled;
}

int myrand(int a, int b)
{
	int nvals, numbad, rnum, shiftedval;

	nvals = b - a + 1;
	// This is the number of possible values from a to b inclusive.

	numbad = (RAND_MAX + 1) % nvals;  // remainder on division by nvals.
	/* This is the number of "bad values" from the highest exact multiple 
	of nvals up to RAND_MAX.  We do not want to allow a rand() value to
	be used if it equals one of these "bad values" */

	rnum = rand();

	// if rand() takes on one of the bad values, get another one!

	while (rnum > RAND_MAX - numbad)
	{
		rnum = rand();
	}
	// rnum = rand() will now be between 0 and RAND_MAX - numbad

	shiftedval = (rnum % nvals) + a;
	/* Since the remainder = (rnum % nvals) runs from
	0 to nvals - 1 = (b-a+1)-1 = b-a, we simply add on an "a" to
	shift it to be from 0+a=a to (b-a) + a = b.  Viola!  It goes
	from a to b inclusive like we wanted  :-) */

	return shiftedval;
}

void diepic(int k)
{
	if (k == 1)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}

	else if (k == 2)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}

	else if (k == 3)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|    0|\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|0    |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|    0|\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|0    |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}

	else if (k == 4)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "| 0 0 |\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}

	else if (k == 5)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|0   0|\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|0   0|\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|0   0|\n"
			 << "|  0  |\n"
			 << "|0   0|\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}

	else if (k == 6)
	{
		cout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|0 0 0|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|0 0 0|\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";

		/*fout << "|-----|\n"
			 << "|0 0 0|\n"
			 << "|     |\n"
			 << "|0 0 0|\n"
			 << "|-----|\n";*/
	}
	return;
}

void gamereport(int flag, double bet, double& bal)
{
	if (flag ==1)
	{
		cout << "You win!!  You must be lucky!  Play again.\n";
		//fout << "You win!!  You must be lucky!  Play again.\n";
	}

	else if (flag == -1)
	{
		cout << "You lost.  You bum, you might as well give up.\n";
		//fout << "You lost.  You bum, you might as well give up.\n";
	}

	cout << "\nYour balace before playing this game was : $" << bal << endl;
	//fout << "\nYour balace before playing this game was : $" << bal << endl;

	cout << "Your bet was : $" << bet << endl;
	//fout << "Your bet was : $" << bet << endl;

	bal = bal + flag * bet;  // calculates new balance

	cout << "Your new balance is : $" << bal << endl;
	//fout << "Your new balance is : $" << bal << endl;

	return;
}

void endstats(int nplays, int nwins, double bal)
{
	double difference=0,
		   winpercentage=0,
		   wins=0,
		   plays=0;

	cout << endl << "Games played: " << nplays;
	//fout << endl << "Games played: " << nplays;

	cout << endl << "Games won: " << nwins;
	//fout << endl << "Games won: " << nwins;

	if (nplays > 0)
	{
		wins = nwins * 1.0;
		plays = nplays * 1.0;
		winpercentage = (wins / plays) * 100.0;

		cout << endl << "Winning percentage: " << winpercentage;
		//fout << endl << "Winning percentage: " << winpercentage;
	}

	cout << endl << "Your final balance is: $" << bal << endl << endl;
	//fout << endl << "Your final balance is: $" << bal << endl << endl;

	difference = STARTBAL - bal;

	if (difference == 0)
	{
		cout << "You broke even.";
		//fout << "You broke even.";
	}

	else if (difference < 0)
	{
		difference = difference * (-1);
		cout << "You won $" << difference;
		//fout << "You won $" << difference;
	}

	else
	{
		cout << "You lost $" << difference;
		//fout << "You lost $" << difference;
	}

	cout << endl << endl << endl;


	// This ending here, enables a pause before the program closes in DOS mode
	
	char trash;
	
	cin.get(trash);
	cout << "Press [Enter] key to exit: ";
	cin.get(trash);

	return;
}